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R&D expenditure as share of GDP (%)

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How much do countries spend on research and development? (Data for 2021)

Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)Eurostat
earthcountrydevelopmentresearch

Data from Eurostat on EU countries + selected other European countries for 2021:



Top Spenders in Absolute Terms:

Germany: €113,183.6 Million France: €55,498.9 Million Switzerland: €22,734.1 Million

R&D Spending Per Inhabitant: Switzerland: €2,622.07 Sweden: €1,772.43 Iceland: €1,643.96

R&D Spending as % of GDP: Belgium: 3.43% Sweden: 3.402% Switzerland: 3.359%

Countries Spending Below 1% of GDP on R&D: Serbia: 0.994% Slovakia: 0.915% Cyprus: 0.831% Bulgaria: 0.773% Latvia: 0.74% Malta: 0.653% Romania: 0.473% Bosnia and Herzegovina: 0.191%



Read more about the data in the Eurostat article here: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/en/web/products-eurostat-news/w/ddn-20231004-2